Whether to celebrate a joyous family occasion
such as a wedding, or to honor a holiday by eating festive meals, a se'udah
shel mitzvah must be eaten in the spirit of pleasure and enjoyment,
blessing and thanksgiving, being particularly careful to avoid
overeating." (Encyclopedia Judaica Jr.)
Table Talk:
"The Talmud describes in detail the various modes of conduct to be
observed at meals. For example persons should engage in a discussion of
Torah during the meal so that they will be ‘as though they had eaten at
the table of God.’ Furthermore, the table is regarded as a substitute for the
altar in the Temple, and therefore, it must be treated with reverence. Before
any meal, the hands must be washed pronouncing the appropriate blessing over
the washing, after which bread is eaten. The meal is concluded with the Grace
after Meals." (Encyclopedia Judaica Jr.)
Festive Holiday Meals: "When a meal is eaten for the purpose of
honoring a festival or rejoicing in the fulfillment of a commandment, it is
considered more than an ordinary meal; it is a se'udah shel mitzvah. Psalm
126, shir ha- ma'alot, is recited before Grace after Meals, and in the
Grace itself, there is usually an additional paragraph appropriate to the
occasion. Such festive meals include the following: 1) Sabbath and
festivals . . . often accompanied by a short sermon of Torah . . . singing of
hymns . . . the presence of two loaves of bread (hallot), and the eating
of fish or meat . . ." 2) A melavveh malkah, a festive meal
held after the departure of the Sabbath, 3) the Passover seder, 4)
the Purim dinner, 5) the meal before the fast of the Day of Atonement (se'udah
mafseket), 6) the siyyum, a feast made on the completion of
the study of a Talmudic tractate. Such a feast is usually held on the morning
of the eve of Passover so that the firstborn can participate (and thereby be
exempt from fasting on that day), and 7) the banquet of the hevra
kaddisha (the burial brotherhood) held on the Seventh of Adar." (Encyclopedia
Judaica Jr.)
Festive Family Meals: "Joyous family occasions also have various se'udot
shel mitzvah connected with them: 1) the circumcision feast, 2)
the meal at the ceremony of the redemption of the firstborn (pidyon ha-ben),
3) the festive meal celebrating a bar mitzvah, 4) the betrothal
and wedding feasts, and 5) the occasion of dedicating a new home (se'udat
hanukkat ha-bayit)." (Encyclopedia Judaica Jr.)
Monthly Days of Fasting and Prayer: Remember that for the religious Jew
there is a fasting day each month. It stands to reason that the meal afterwards
is a "feast" of sorts - with prayers. It is the custom among
religious Jews to pray before and after every meal. Each prayer is preceded by
a washing of hands in "living water" that is naturally flowing. Over
time, these and other prayers have come to be pre-written. Yet that was not the
biblical custom or instruction.
Fixed or Spontaneous Prayers? "In general, biblical prayer was
spontaneous and personal; the more formal aspect of worship probably
consisted of bringing sacrifices at set times and with a fixed ritual. It
seems, however, that even during the period of the First Temple there were
already some prayers whose wording was set and which were always recited on
certain specific occasions. Some scholars, basing themselves on Psalms 55:18
and Daniel 6:11, believe that the practice of worshiping at least three times a
day may be traced back to the biblical period." (Encyclopedia
Judaica Jr.)
Prayer with Real Intent: There is an effort in Judaism to at least say
the pre-written prayers with real intent. This is called Kavvanah
(direction, intention or concentration). "Because the times of the
services and even the words which were to be recited, were fixed, there was a
danger that prayer would lose its vitality and become mere routine. In order to
overcome this danger, the rabbis urged the worshiper to meditate before
he began to worship, to think of ‘before Whom he was standing’ in
prayer, and to create a new prayer every time he worshiped. They placed
great emphasis on the emotional aspect of prayer, calling it ‘service of the
heart’ and stressing that God appreciates most the pure intentions of the
worshiper. Later authorities sought to embellish the fixed prayers with
original poems (piyyutim,) or with short introductions (kavvanot) whose
purpose was to direct the heart and mind of the worshiper. Melodic chanting was
used as a means of increasing kavvanah and worshipers were taught to
sway as they prayed, thus throwing their entire body into the worship."
Personal Prayer Replaced with Memorized Prayers: "Books containing
the texts of the customary daily and festival prayers did not exist in ancient
times. The reader would pray aloud and the congregants would chant the words
along with him, or they would simply say ‘amen’ to the blessings. Only
after the completion of the Talmud, when many of the components of the Oral
Tradition were first compiled in written form, were the prayers written down.
Thus, the very first ‘prayer book’ was produced only in the ninth
century." (Encyclopedia Judaica Jr.)
Nephi Speaks to the Jews as a Jew and Includes the Gentiles "I have
charity for the Jew--I say Jew, because I mean them from whence I came. I also
have charity for the Gentiles. But behold, for none of these can I hope except
they shall be reconciled unto Christ, and enter into the narrow gate, and walk
in the strait path which leads to life, and continue in the path until the end
of the day of probation." (2 Nephi 33:8-9)
Tolerance and Acceptance: I remember when Rabbi Wagner, who was chairman
of a Denver Inter Faith committee, was telling me that, after associating with
Mormons, he wanted the Mormons to be part of that committee. Rabbi Wagner’s
personal friend, a Pastor and an associate member of that committee objected
strenuously to Mormons being included. He even threatened to leave the Inter
Faith Committee and challenged the friendship. The Rabbi told me, "I have
seen and heard this kind of thing before." Mormons were included and the
Pastor resigned; however, the friendship continued. It takes two to make or
break a friendship. The Book of Mormon Prophet, Nephi, prays for acceptance or,
at least, respect for his and the Lords words, wherever they come from.
"And you that will not partake of the goodness of God, and respect the
words of the Jews, and also my words, and the words which shall proceed forth
out of the mouth of the Lamb of God, behold, I bid you an everlasting farewell,
for these words shall condemn you at the last day." (2 Nephi 33:14)
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