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“The
Number of the Disciples
Was Multiplied”
Acts 6-9
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Lesson
29
Summary |
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Apostles
choose seven to assist them—Stephen transfigured before the Sanhedrin.
Stephen recounts the history of Israel and names Moses as a prototype of
Christ—He testifies of the apostasy in Israel—He sees Jesus on the
right hand of God—Stephen’s testimony is rejected and he is stoned to
death. Saul persecutes the Church—Philip’s ministry in Samaria—He
works miracles and baptizes men and women—Peter and John come to Samaria
and confer the gift of the Holy Ghost by the laying on of hands—Simon
seeks to buy this gift and is rebuked by Peter—Philip preaches Christ and
baptizes an Ethiopian eunuch. Jesus appears to Saul—Saul a chosen vessel—Ananias
restores Saul’s sight—He is baptized and begins his ministry—Peter
heals Aeneas and raises Dorcas from death.
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Supplemental
Holy Land
and Jewish
insights:
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"Three,"
"Twelve" and "Seventy," an Ancient and Modern Organization:
The Church in the Meridian of Times parallels the organization of the Church in
ancient as well as in modern times. These were and are men, in their respective
times, who had authority from God to bring light and truth to the people.
Anciently, Moses had a "First Presidency:" two assistants, Aaron and
Hur. Additionally, he had an organization of Twelve and Seventy. The parallel
organization is seen in the primitive Church with Peter, James and John
appearing as a "First Presidency" within the original Twelve and the
Seventy. And, of course, we see a similar structure today in the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints. |
Restoration Gives Insight to the Past:
The LDS ecclesiastic organization today may give us insight to what was
happening in former days. The appointment of officers and leaders was compared
to parts of the body. All parts were needed and had to work together. The
metaphor of the Church and the body was used in ancient times, the meridian of
times, as well as today. A beautiful attribute of the Savior is His being, His
body that He gave for us. Isaiah suggested that everything around us can remind
us of Him, that "body language" refers to Him. There are numerous
verses created as "imaging" that include how He was called from the
womb, a perfect body with attributes as eyes, ears, mouth, tongue, neck, heart,
shoulder, hands, arms, belly, womb, leg, knee, and foot. This constant use of
body language can be seen as a metaphor of the "body of Christ."
Members of the Body:
The Prophet Joseph Smith emphasized the same principle. "The Church is a
compact body composed of different members, and is strictly analogous to the
human system, and Paul, after speaking of the different gifts, says, "Now
ye are the body of Christ and members in particular; and God hath set some in
the Church, first Apostles, secondarily Prophets, thirdly Teachers, after that
miracles, then gifts of healing, helps, governments, diversities of
tongues." (1 Corinthians 12:27) Are all Teachers? Are all workers of
miracles? Do all speak with tongues? Do all interpret?" It is evident that
they do not; yet are they all members of one body. All members of the natural
body are not the eye, the ear, the head or the hand -- yet the eye cannot say to
the ear, I have no need of thee, nor the head to the foot, I have no need of
thee; they are all so many component parts in the perfect machines -- the one
body; and if one member suffer, the whole of the members suffer with it; and if
one member rejoice, all the rest are honored with it." (Teachings
of the Prophet Joseph Smith, Section Five 1842-43 Pg.244)
Insight to Stephen’s Stoning:
In many cases, the bodies of the Lord’s appointed servants were hurt or
killed, yet their testimonies and witnesses remained to strengthen the Church
members. Stephen’s stoning was a dramatic example. A more accurate
understanding of the process of stoning would also give added insight to the New
Testament accounts of Stephen’s stoning as well as a woman brought to Jesus.
Stoning is a capital punishment indicated in the Mosaic Law. Biblical
punishments were based on the crime, unlike today’s punishments which are
based on the person or the circumstances. Stoning was the punishment for a
number of gross sins including murder (Numbers 35:30), adultery (Deuteronomy
22:22-24), blasphemy (Leviticus 24:16), breaking the Sabbath (Numbers 15:32-35),
Apostasy (Deuteronomy 13:6-10), and rebellion against parents (Deuteronomy
21:18-21). Rabbinic interpretations of the ancient Jewish law of stoning
indicate that it was required that the convicted be thrown (hurdled) over a
cliff. One of at least two witnesses and thereby accusers was responsible to
make sure the criminal was dead. The aversion to taking another’s life would
motivate the accuser’s success in having the fall cause the death of the
accused. Another witness/accuser always had to cast the first stone and then all
others threw stones to cover the body (brings about the burial). Abandoned
quarries (where the stone was rejected) would be likely locations for such rare
executions.
Saul Witnesses Stephen’s Stoning at the Place of a
Skull:
It may be possible that Stephen did not immediately die from the execution’s
hurdle. The power and glory of his vision of the Father and the Son transcended
the cruelty of those who waited to witness his bloody broken body
disrespectfully covered with stones. The likely place of Stephen’s execution
is likely where the Savior was crucified and where He transcended death,
beginning a process of redemption of all mankind. It is an abandoned stone
quarry, rejected by builders thousands of years ago because the stone was too
crumbly. Stephen’s death, with his accompanying compassion and heavenly
witness, was witnessed by "Saul, the Pharisee," beginniong a process
of changeover to "Paul, the Apostle." Later, his own conversion would
ultimately be followed by hurt, persecution, and even an execution attempt where
the "hurdle" did not result in death.
Philip, a Seventy, Bears Witness to an Ethiopian; Was
He an Israelite?
An interesting development in modern Israel is the influx of tens of thousands
of black Jews from Ethiopia. ". . . members of this group refer to
themselves as Beta Israel . . . they practice an early form of
Judaism; the chief rabbis of Israel have recognized them as Jews . . . according
to their tradition, their ancestors were Jerusalem notables who came with
Menelik, the son of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, when he returned home .
. . they said that he brought Judaic customs and civil law to Ethiopia. The lion
of Judah was the symbol of the emperor of Ethiopia." (Encyclopedia
Judaica Jr.) The Ethiopian’s Judaism differs from the Western
Rabbinical Judaism that most Jews relate to. It is possible, through
anthropological studies of these Ethiopian Jews, to catch a closer glimpse of
Judaism as it might have been three thousand years ago.
Other References Indicating Ethiopian Connections to
Israel:
"And Miriam and Aaron spake against Moses because of the Ethiopian woman
whom he had married: for he had married an Ethiopian woman." (Numbers
12:1) "Then the king commanded Ebedmelech the Ethiopian, saying,
Take from hence thirty men with thee, and take up Jeremiah the prophet out of
the dungeon, before he die." (Jeremiah 38:10) "And he
arose and went: and, behold, a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch of great authority
under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her treasure,
and had come to Jerusalem for to worship," (Acts 8:27) The
conversion of the Ethiopian Queen Candace’s Minister of Finance brought him
from his ancient Israelite connection to the restoration of the covenant in his
own time. Through his reading, searching and letting his eyes be opened, he
received the promised gift of forgiveness of sins and the gift of the Holy
Ghost.
Crossroads of the East Drew Diverse Converts:
Great things were happening in those days. Great and influential men from each
end of the Crossroads of the East, Ethiopia, and Damascus were being touched by
the light of truth. Men with worldly experience had their eyes touched with the
greater heavenly light which was once again available. Saul’s "brighter
than the midday light" experience on the way to Damascus blinded him
physically so that his spiritual eyes could be opened. His experience of
watching Stephen’s stoning, holding the witnesses’ clothes, ultimately
became his own. As his eyes were opened, his commission as one of the Twelve was
to open the eyes of the Jews and the Gentiles, to give them light and truth.
(Acts 26:16-18)
As the truth went forth, more and more people were
enveloped in its light, and the number of disciples was multiplied. |
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